works

Casey

Casey is a hybrid digital-physical experience where you can access a mobility assistant that uses advanced robotics and intuitive design to provide seamless, on-demand support.

Client • 

Academic Project

Category • 

Interaction Design

Date • 

Fall 2024

Project Overview:

For this 16-week project, we were tasked with creating an interactive system that solves a transportation and mobility issue in Los Angeles. The location which we chose was the 15-minute city of Mid-City, Santa Monica. This concept focuses on improving pedestrians' first/last mile experience by not having them need to rely on cars to transport goods.

My Role

UX/UI Design, 3D Modeling & Rendering, Motion Design, Prototyping, User Interviews, User Testing

Duration

16 Weeks

Collaborators

Alexander Johnson, Danielle Perez

Compiling observations and net research with Post-Its


Although Mid-City, Santa Monica residents live in a walkability oasis, we learned that the majority of them preferred using a car to get around. This lead us to the problem statement - "How might we make the "first/last mile" experience more engaging and spontaneous for Mid-City, Santa Monica locals, so that they can drive less and walk more?"

Venn diagram of the intersectionality of Micro Mobility and Automated Utility

Through our research, the team discovered some very interesting statistics regarding the way people approach transportation and mobility in the area. Of particular note is the fact that Mid-City, Santa Monica has a Walkability Score of 92. This score is used by civic planners, real estate companies, and even universities, in order to find out whether a city can be considered a 15-minute city. Amenities are aplenty and well within a short walking distance, and yet, according to surveys submitted by residents, only 10% of residents walk or bike as their preferred method of transportation. While looking at this small number, we started asking who are these people in the first place. Pretty much immediately, we thought of - the elderly and people with physical disabilities. When looking at the most recent US Census for the area, we found out that 18.8% of Mid-City, Santa Monica residents are over the age of 65. With these insights in mind, we had our sights set on developing a concept that can accommodate and is, more importantly, user friendly for the fringes of our the local population. This ethos was reinforced on a trip to BMW Designworks, where they stated on their own most recent mobility project that, "If it works for the fringes, then it will work for everyone."

Another thing that struck us was that, if we were to create a project that would help residents with mobility and transportation (and in result, get them walking more), we needed some sort of physical component to this project to help them navigate the city. To better understand this, we looked at precedence regarding Micro Mobility and Automated Utility. Santa Monica as a whole is no stranger to newly introduced tech, so we wondered how communities used and perceived, these two technologies in the area. There were some extreme examples of poor community reception (ie. Lime e-scooters' abrupt rollout in 2018), positive community reception (ie. Veo e-bikes and e-scooters, and their slower rollout), and plenty of grey (ie. Waymo and their years long regulation and tech battle to finally get approved for testing, as well as their strong positive publicity push) to gather info on how to win over the community. We also looked at other use cases for these technologies in geo-fenced areas, like delivery robots on college campuses and airport luggage robots to better focus our efforts on not trying to create an "everything" robot, but something with a stated goal that was relevant to our users. Bearing this in mind, the team didn't just want the solution to help people understand where they are going, but offer them a helping hand to their destination.

Casey addresses the challenge of encouraging Mid-City, Santa Monica residents to walk more in a way that feels natural, supportive, and engaging. Rooted in the insight that walkability isn’t just about infrastructure but also accessibility and agency, Casey combines a digital app with a physical mobility assistant to make the “first/last mile” experience seamless.

This solution focuses on the real needs of the community, starting with those often overlooked in design: older adults and people with physical disabilities. By doing so, we were able to create our guiding principles of Usability, Delight, and Freedom of Movement. These principles led us to designing a product that is intuitive and accessible for everyone, sparks joy through small moments of interaction, and empowers users to navigate their city on their own terms.

Field Research

Elderly pedestrian over encumbered with groceries in Mid-City, Santa Monica

Ecosystem Observations

The neighborhood is a dynamic blend of commercial, residential, and community spaces interconnected by sidewalks, bike paths, and public transportation.

Observations revealed heavy reliance on walking, biking, and public transit, while driving dominated car-focused streets.

Increased adoption of bikes and scooters underscored the importance of a product that complements personal mobility devices.

Public-private partnerships, such as business parks, demonstrated the value of well-lit, secure, and well-maintained spaces.

Netnography

Intersection next to local transportation hub - Bergamot Station

User Needs and Pain Points

According to the Santa Monica Government as of 2022, 68.5% of greenhouse emissions in Santa Monica are produced by cars.

Mid-City has a walkability score of 92. Driving a car should be an optional mode of transportation, not the default when doing anything local.

Interviews

Behind the scenes shot of the Casey video, at a Mid-City community garden

Notable Quotes

"Foot traffic. Lack of sidewalk on both sides. Because I have to, go here, walk along the dirt there,and cross right here."

-Martin, Office Worker

"Yeah. A lot of bikers, electric scooters. A lot of tenants I work with take the train.”

-John, Security Guard at The Water Gardens.

"I don’t think a lot of people have their [driver’s] license either."

-Jeffrey, Security Guard at The Water Gardens

Persona

Based on our research, we created a persona that best exemplifies our research on what kind of person(s) we were designing for.

Ada Jones

Quote:

"Technology's fine, as long as it brings us closer together, not further apart. If it helps my neighbors and makes our community stronger, I’m all for it—but it’s got to prove itself first."

Bio:

65 yo. Mid-City local that recently retired from teaching high school. Likes to be engaged in community affairs, and has a plot in the community garden. Treats her daily walks to the park as a core part of her day. She lives on $55,000 a year from her retirement and pension. Married and lives with her husband. Has two 9 year old twin grandchildren.

Defining Personality Traits:
  • Deeply values interpersonal connection and community
  • Hyper-aware of the impact of change at the local level
  • Skeptical but open to technological progress

Journey Map

Journey Map for Persona's first trip

Empathy Map

Ada's Empathy Map

Concept Sketching

Concept sketching for Casey focused on practical features like carrying capacity, refrigeration, and QR code activation, alongside digital tools for orientation, pairing, and trip control. Drawing from Coco's mission, we translated its ethos into shaping Casey's guiding principles: Usability, Delight, and Freedom of Movement.‍

Prototyping

Digital Component

First round of comps to get an idea of UX flow

Second round of comps to better flesh out different features, and integrate our branding

Physical Component

Casey’s design draws inspiration from utility robots like Coco and Starship, blending their functional strengths and an adding a touch more personality. Its high-visibility flag and friendly LED eyes make it approachable and safe in urban spaces. Casey’s six-wheel bogie system and advanced sensors ensure it can navigate curbs and busy sidewalks with ease, while its spacious, 50-pound-capacity storage includes refrigeration for chilled or frozen goods. Every feature, from its QR code pairing to its navigation system, reflects a thoughtful process of adapting proven robotics solutions to meet the unique needs of community-oriented users.

User Testing
insights

Legibility of the text is important, as older users want larger text.‍

We needed to eliminate redundant buttons & screens to not get our users lost.‍

App feedback that gives a secondary confirmation of their actions needed to

be explored (ie. haptics, sound chimes, and visual cues)‍

The payment process needed to be refined, as many users found the cost and

paying for using the product were critical to their using the product.

Final Product

Our three main reasons for transitioning our digital product to a web app

Digital Product

Sign-In Screen.pngGIF - Sign in.gif
Main Menu.pngGIF - Main Menu.gif
Order a Casey.pngGIF - Order Casey.gif
Scan to Activate Casey.pngGIF - Scan to Open.gif
In-Trip Functions (Pause Trip).pngGIF - InTrip Functions Pause.gif
In-Trip Functions (Open Casey).pngGIF - InTrip Functions Open Casey.gif
In-Trip Functions (Adjust Temp).pngGIF - In Trip Functions Adjust Temp.gif
Add a Stop to Trip.pngGIF - Add a Stop.gif
GIF - Complete Trip.gifTrip Complete!.png

Reflections

This was my first semester-long project in the SMC IxD Program, and as I write this, I'm recalling a conversation that I had with one of my peers during our concept pitches. There were two other very strong concepts along with Casey, and my team had to only focus on one. That peer remarked that we were only going to be students for so long, and with that comes the power to really create things where the sky's the limit, with no real concern about project budgets and being shut down by management. "So", she said, "create something that you never would have thought of doing before." Casey is that project, and I'm immensely proud of the journey that my team and I took to arrive at this result. There are plenty more projects to be made over the next year-and-a-half, but looking back at this one, I have two things that I will always remember two things about the process of making Casey— there is a treasure trove of insights to be discovered by designing for the fringes, and delight is a powerful force in getting people on board with a product.

My background in design and marketing has, over time, had me in a pigeon-hole that I was wholly unaware of. From people trying to start their first business, to people who've gotten their footing in entertainment but are in need to another push, I've been creating for people who have skewed younger for quite a while now. I'm not as egotistic to say I've mastered working with people 18-40 years old, but there have been a number of recurring scenarios that I can clock things that they might be looking for quickly. Working on the Casey project however, was an opportunity to really stretching the bounds of my expertise and gain new insights. User interviews and testing were particularly eye-opening to me, and I was able to really get to understand more about the experiences of people that are oftentimes an afterthought with the rapid development of technology. At times it was downright frustrating (boy do older people not hold back giving feedback haha), but it was immensely gratifying to create something that was aligned with the needs of those fringe users. A real mindset shift for me occurred on our trip to BMW Designworks (which I talked a bit about in the Insights section above), where we were given a real masterclass in User Research during their case study presentation on designing new bus stops and 'urban panels' for LA. It reaffirmed that my step in a self-perceived hazy direction was actually a step towards something that I needed to learn for myself., and with both that and completing this project in mind, I feel empowered to keep diving into designing for marginalized groups.

I also learned about delight's function in the overall success of winning over users and audiences. Having a multi-year long passion for motion graphics, I was beaming when I would get feedback from people remarking on how those micro-interactions made them feel. This feeling also extends to the creation of the Casey product video, which I feel was a success, not only because it accurately reflects the teams vision of this product being put into practice, but the joy we had putting it together has been translated into the delight of our viewers. Moving forward, I will certainly be putting 'creates delight in our users' in my must-haves for creating successful projects. It might sound like a no-brainer, but I believe that that intentionality shines through in designs, and by not having it given the adequate stage it deserves, we are limiting a products potential greatly.

Lastly, this certainly isn't the end for Casey, with my team planning to create a robot prototype that can connect to a phone via an Arduino kit over the winter, as well as us having ideas to flesh out for how to create variants of Casey. Please stay tuned to my blog with our progress, and thank you again for looking at this case study!

-Marcus T.